Synergistic insecticidal mixtures

ABSTRACT

The invention relates to insecticidal mixtures of spinosyns and agonists or antagonists of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors for protecting plants against attack by pests.

This application is a 371 of PCT/EP99/03394 filed May 17, 1999.

The invention relates to synergistic insecticidal mixtures of one ormore spinosyns and agonists or antagonists of nicotinic acetylcholinereceptors and to their use for controlling animal pests.

It is already known that spinosyns can be used for controlling insects(WO 97/00265, WO 93/09126, WO 94/20518, U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,362,634,5,202,242, 5,670,364, 5,227,295, see also DowElanco trade magazine Downto Earth, Vol. 52, No. 1, 1997).

However, spinosyns on their own do not always exhibit satisfactoryinsecticidal activity.

Furthermore, it is known that agonists and antagonists of nicotinicacetylcholine receptors can be used for controlling insects.

It has now been found that mixtures of spinosyns and at least oneagonist or antagonist of acetylcholine receptors of the formula (III)are synergistically effective and suitable for controlling animal pests.Owing to this synergism, it is possible to employ considerably loweramounts of active compounds, i.e. the activity of the mixture is greaterthan the activity of the individual components.

The spinosyns are known compounds. The fermentation product (A 83543)described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,362,634 comprises various compounds whichare referred to as spinosyn A, B, C etc. (cf. WO 97/00265, WO 93/09126and WO 94/20518). The spinosyns can be represented by the formulae (I)and (II) below.

Compound R^(1′) R^(2′) R^(3′) R^(4′) R^(5′) R^(6′) R^(7′) (I)

spinosyn A H CH₃

C₂H₅ CH₃ CH₃ CH₃ spinosyn B H CH₃

C₂H₅ CH₃ CH₃ CH₃ spinosyn C H CH₃

C₂H₅ CH₃ CH₃ CH₃ spinosyn D CH₃ CH₃

C₂H₅ CH₃ CH₃ CH₃ spinosyn E H CH₃

CH₃ CH₃ CH₃ CH₃ spinosyn F H H

C₂H₅ CH₃ CH₃ CH₃ spinosyn G H CH₃

C₂H₅ CH₃ CH₃ CH₃ spinosyn H H CH₃

C₂H₅ H CH₃ CH₃ spinosyn J H CH₃

C₂H₅ CH₃ H CH₃ spinosyn K H CH₃

C₂H₅ CH₃ CH₃ H spinosyn L CH₃ CH₃

C₂H₅ CH₃ H CH₃ spinosyn M H CH₃

C₂H₅ CH₃ H CH₃ spinosyn N CH₃ CH₃

C₂H₅ CH₃ H CH₃ spinosyn O CH₃ CH₃

C₂H₅ CH₃ CH₃ H spinosyn P H CH₃

C₂H₅ CH₃ H H spinosyn Q CH₃ CH₃

C₂H₅ H CH₃ CH₃ spinosyn R H CH₃

C₂H₅ H CH₃ CH₃ spinosyn S H CH₃

CH₃ H CH₃ CH₃ spinosyn T H CH₃

C₂H₅ H H CH₃ spinosyn U H CH₃

C₂H₅ H CH₃ H spinosyn V CH₃ CH₃

C₂H₅ H CH₃ H spinosyn W CH₃ CH₃

C₂H₅ CH₃ H H spinosyn Y H CH₃

C₂H₅ CH₃ CH₃ H spinosyn A 17-Psa H CH₃ H C₂H₅ CH₃ CH₃ CH₃ spinosyn D17-Psa CH₃ CH₃ H C₂H₅ CH₃ CH₃ CH₃ spinosyn E 17-Psa H CH₃ H C₂H₅ CH₃ CH₃CH₃ spinosyn F 17-Psa H H H C₂H₅ CH₃ CH₃ CH₃ spinosyn H 17-Psa H CH₃ HC₂H₅ H CH₃ CH₃ spinosyn J 17-Psa H CH₃ H C₂H₅ CH₃ H CH₃ spinosyn L17-Psa CH₃ CH₃ H C₂H₅ CH₃ H CH₃ and (II)

spinosyn A 9-Psa H CH₃

C₂H₅ H spinosyn D 9-Psa CH₃ CH₃

C₂H₅ H spinosyn A aglycone H CH₃ H C₂H₅ H spinosyn D aglycone CH₃ CH₃ HC₂H₅ H

Semisynthetic spinosyns of the formula (Ia)

in which

A and B each represent a single bond, a double bond or an epoxide unit,

R represents

R¹ represents hydrogen or methyl,

R², R³ and R⁴ independently of one another each represent C₁-C₄-alkyl,C₁-C₄-halogenoalkyl, C₁-C₄-alkylcarbonyl or protected hydroxyl,

R⁵ represents hydrogen, C₁-C₄-alkyl, C₁-C₄-alkylamino or representsalkylhydroxylamino of the formula

 in which

R¹⁰ and R¹¹ independently of one another each represent hydrogen,C₁-C₄-alkyl or C₁-C₅-alkylcarbonyl,

R⁶ represents hydrogen or methyl,

R⁷, R⁸ and R^(8′) independently of one another each representC₁-C₄-alkyl, C₁-C₄-halogenoalkyl or C₁-C₄-alkylcarbonyl or representprotected amino and

R⁹ represents methyl or ethyl

are also known (WO 97/00 265).

The compounds disclosed in WO 97/00 265 are expressly incorporated intothe present application by way of reference.

The mixtures according to the invention comprise at least one spinosynof the formula (I), (Ia) or (II).

Preference is given to synergistic mixtures with at least one spinosynof the formula (I) or (II).

Particular preference is given to synergistic mixtures which comprise amixture of spinosyn A and spinosyn D, where the ratio of spinosyn A tospinosyn D is generally between approximately 80:20 and approximately98:2, and where preference is given to a value of approximately 85:15.

Very particular preference is given to using Spinosad (see, for example,DowElanco trade magazine Down to Earth, vol. 52, No. 1, 1997 andliterature cited therein) which essentially consists of a mixture ofspinosyn A and spinosyn D in a ratio of approximately 85:15.

Use is made, in particular, of the fermentation product A 83543 knownfrom U.S. Pat. No. 5,362,634 which comprises approximately 85 to 90% ofspinosyn A, approximately 10 to 15% of spinosyn D and smaller amounts ofthe spinosyns B, C, E,F,G,H and J.

It is also possible to use the acid addition salts described therein.

The agonists and antagonists of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptorsare known compounds which are known from the following publications:

European Published Specifications Nos. 464 830, 428 941, 425 978, 386565, 383 091, 375 907, 364 844, 315 826, 259 738, 254 859, 235 725, 212600, 192 060, 163 855, 154 178, 136 636, 136 686, 303 570X 302 833, 306696, 189 972, 455 000, 135 956, 471 372, 302 389, 428 941, 376 279, 493369, 580 553, 649 845, 685 477, 483 055, 580 553;

German Offenlegungsschriften Nos. 3 639 877, 3 712 307;

Japanese Published Specifications Nos. 03 220 176, 02 207 083, 63 307857, 63 287 764, 03 246 283, 04 9371, 03 279 359, 03 255 072, 05 178833, 07 173 157, 08291 171;

U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,034,524, 4,948,798, 4,918,086, 5,039,686, 5,034,404,5,532,365, 4,849,432;

PCT Applications Nos. WO 91/17 659, 91/4965;

French Application No. 2 611 114;

Brazilian Application No. 88 03 621.

All the generic formulae and definitions described in thesepublications, and also the individual compounds described therein, areexpressly incorporated herein by reference.

Some of these compounds are summarized under the term nitromethylenes,nitro-imines and related compounds.

Preferably, these compounds can be summarized under the formula (III)

in which

R represents hydrogen or represents optionally substituted radicalsselected from the group consisting of acyl, alkyl, aryl, aralkyl,heterocyclyl, heteroaryl or heteroarylalkyl;

A represents a monofunctional group selected from the group consistingof hydrogen, acyl, alkyl, aryl or represents a bifunctional group whichis linked to the radical Z;

E represents an electron-withdrawing radical;

X represents the radicals —CH═ or ═N—, where the radical —CH═ may belinked to the radical Z instead of an H atom;

Z represents a monofunctional group selected from the group consistingof alkyl, —O—R, —S—R,

where the radicals R are identical or different and are as definedabove,

 or represents a bifunctional group which is linked to the radical A orthe radical X.

Particular preference is given to compounds of the formula (III) inwhich the radicals have the following meaning:

R represents hydrogen and represents optionally substituted radicalsselected from the group consisting of acyl, alkyl, aryl, aralkyl,heterocyclylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl.

Examples of acyl radicals are formyl, alkylcarbonyl, arylcarbonyl,alkyl-sulphonyl, arylsulphonyl, (alkyl-)-(aryl-)-phosphoryl, which maythemselves be substituted.

Examples of alkyl are C₁-C₁₀-alkyl, in particular C₁-C₄-alkyl,specifically methyl, ethyl, i-propyl, sec- or t-butyl, which maythemselves be substituted.

Examples of aryl are phenyl, naphthyl, in particular phenyl.

Examples of aralkyl are phenylmethyl, phenethyl.

An example of heterocyclylalkyl is the radical

Examples of heteroaryl are heteroaryl having up to 10 ring atoms and N,O, S, in particular N, as heteroatoms. Specific examples are thienyl,furyl, thiazolyl, imidazolyl, pyridyl, benzothiazolyl, pyridazinyl.

Examples of heteroarylalkyl are heteroarylmethyl, heteroarylethyl havingup to 6 ring atoms and N, O, S, in particular N, as heteroatoms, inparticular optionally substituted heteroaryl as defined underheteroaryl.

Substituents which may be mentioned by way of example and by way ofpreference are:

alkyl having preferably 1 to 4, in particular 1 or 2, carbon atoms, suchas methyl, ethyl, n- and i-propyl and n-, i- and t-butyl; alkoxy havingpreferably 1 to 4, in particular 1 or 2, carbon atoms, such as methoxy,ethoxy, n- and i-propyloxy and n-, i- and t-butyloxy; alkylthio havingpreferably 1 to 4, in particular 1 or 2, carbon atoms, such asmethylthio, ethylthio, n- and i-propylthio and n-, i- and t-butylthio;halogenoalkyl having preferably 1 to 4, in particular 1 or 2, carbonatoms and preferably 1 to 5, in particular 1 to 3, halogen atoms, thehalogen atoms being identical or different, and preferred halogen atomsbeing fluorine, chlorine or bromine, in particular fluorine, such astrifluoromethyl, hydroxyl; halogen, preferably fluorine, chlorine,bromine and iodine, in particular fluorine, chlorine and bromine, cyano;nitro; amino; monoalkyl- and dialkylamino having preferably 1 to 4, inparticular 1 or 2, carbon atoms per alkyl group, such as methylamino,methylethylamino n- and i-propylamino and methyl-n-butylamino; carboxyl;carbalkoxy having preferably 2 to 4, in particular 2 or 3, carbon atoms,such as carbomethoxy and carboethoxy; sulpho (SO₃H); alkylsulphonylhaving preferably 1 to 4, in particular 1 or 2, carbon atoms, such asmethylsulphonyl and ethylsulphonyl; arylsulphonyl having preferably 6 or10 arylcarbon atoms, such as phenylsulphonyl, and also heteroarylaminoand heteroarylalkylamino such as chloropyridylamino andchloropyridylmethylamino.

A represents hydrogen or represents an optionally substituted radicalselected from the group consisting of acyl, alkyl, aryl, which arepreferably as defined under R, A furthermore represents a bifunctionalgroup. Examples include optionally substituted alkylene having 1 to 4,in particular 1 to 2, C atoms, examples of substitutents being thesubstituents which have been mentioned further above (and where thealkylene groups may be interrupted by heteroatoms from the groupconsisting of N, O, S).

A and Z together with the atoms to which they are attached may form asaturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring. The heterocyclic ring maycontain a further 1 or 2 identical or different heteroatoms and/orheterogroups. Preferred heteroatoms are oxygen, sulphur or nitrogen, andpreferred heterogroups are N-alkyl, where the alkyl of the N-alkyl groupcontains preferably 1 to 4, in particular 1 or 2, carbon atoms. Examplesof alkyl include methyl, ethyl, n- and i-propyl and n-, i- and t-butyl.The heterocyclic ring contains 5 to 7, preferably 5 or 6 ring members.

Examples of compounds of the formula (III) in which R and Z togetherwith the atoms to which they are attached form a ring include thefollowing:

in which

E, R and X are each as defined above and further below.

E represents an electron-withdrawing radical, specific examples beingNO₂, CN, halogenoalkylcarbonyl such as halogeno-C₁-C₄-alkylcarbonyl, forexample COCF₃, alkylsulphonyl (for example SO₂—CH₃),halogenoalkylsulphonyl (for example SO₂CF₃) and with particularpreference NO₂ or CN.

X represents —CH═ or —N═.

Z represents an optionally substituted radical selected from the groupconsisting of alkyl, —OR, —SR, —NRR, where R and the substituents arepreferably as defined above.

Z may, in addition to the ring mentioned above, together with the atomto which it is attached and the radical

 instead of X, form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring. Theheterocyclic ring may contain a further 1 or 2 identical or differentheteroatoms and/or heterogroups. Preferred heteroatoms are oxygen,sulphur or nitrogen and preferred heterogroups are N-alkyl, where thealkyl or N-alkyl group contains preferably 1 to 4, preferably 1 or 2,carbon atoms. Examples of alkyl include methyl, ethyl, n- and i-propyland n-, i- and t-butyl. The heterocyclic ring contains 5 to 7,preferably 5 or 6, ring members. Examples of the heterocyclic ringinclude pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, hexa-methyleneimine,morpholine and N-methylpiperazine.

The agonists and antagonists of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptorsare particularly preferably compounds of the formula (III) in which

R represents

 where

n represents 0, 1 or 2, and preferably represents 1,

subst. represents one of the substituents mentioned above, especiallyhalogen, in particular chlorine, and A, Z, X and E are as defined above.

R represents in particular

The following compounds are specific examples:

Very particularly preferred agonists and antagonists of the nicotinicacetylcholine receptors are compounds of the following formulae:

in particular a compound of the following formulae

Very particular preference is given to the compounds of the formulae(IIa), (IIIk), (IIIl).

Furthermore, very particular preference is given to the compounds of theformulae (IIIe), (IIIg), (IIIh), (IIIm), (IIIc).

The active compound mixtures are suitable for controlling animal pests,in particular insects, arachnids and nematodes, encountered inagriculture, in forests, in the protection of stored products and in thehygiene sector, and they are tolerated well by plants and havefavourable toxicity to warm-blooded animals. They are active againstnormally sensitive and resistant species and against all or some stagesof development. The abovementioned pests include:

From the order of the Isopoda, for example Oniscus asellus,Armadillidium vulgare and Porcellio scaber.

From the order of the Diplopoda, for example Blaniulus guttulatus.

From the order of the Chilopoda, for example Geophilus carpophagus andScutigera spp.

From the order of the Symphyla, for example Scutigerella immaculata.

From the order of the Thysanura, for example Lepisma saccharina.

From the order of the Collembola, for example Onychiurus armatus.

From the order of the Orthoptera, for example Acheta domesticus,Gryllotalpa spp., Locusta migratoria migratonioides, Melanoplus spp. andSchistocerca gregaria.

From the order of the Blattaria, for example Blatta orientalis,Periplaneta americana, Leucophaea maderae and Blattella germanica.

From the order of the Dermaptera, for example Forficula auricularia.

From the order of the Isoptera, for example Reticulitermes spp.

From the order of the Phthiraptera, for example Pediculus humanuscorporis, Haematopinus spp., Linognathus spp., Trichodectes spp. andDamalinia spp.

From the order of the Thysanoptera, for example Hercinothrips femoralis,Thrips tabaci, Thrips palmi and Frankliniella accidentalis.

From the order of the Heteroptera, for example Eurygaster spp.,Dysdercus intermedius, Piesma quadrata, Cimex lectularius, Rhodniusprolixus and Triatoma spp.

From the order of the Homoptera, for example Aleurodes brassicae,Bemisia tabaci, Trialeurodes vaporariorum, Aphis gossypii, Brevicorynebrassicae, Cryptomyzus ribis, Aphis fabac, Aphis pomi, Eriosomalanigerum, Hyalopterus arundinis, Phylloxera vastatrix, Pemphigus spp.,Macrosiphum avenae, Myzus spp., Phorodon humuli, Rhopalosiphum padi,Empoasca spp., Euscelis bilobatus, Nephotettix cincticeps, Lecaniumcorni, Saissetia oleae, Laodelphax striatellus, Nilaparvata lugens,Aonidiella aurantii, Aspidiotus hederae, Pseudococcus spp. and Psyllaspp.

From the order of the Lepidoptera, for example Pectinophora gossypiella,Bupalus piniarius, Cheimatobia brumata, Lithocolletis blancardella,Hyponomeuta padella, Plutella xylostella, Malacosoma neustria, Euproctischrysorrhoea, Lymantria spp., Bucculatrix thurberiella, Phyllocnistiscitrella, Agrotis spp., Euxoa spp., Feltia spp., Earias insulana,Heliothis spp., Mamestra brassicae, Panolis flammea, Spodoptera spp.,Trichoplusia ni, Carpocapsa pomonella, Pieris spp., Chilo spp., Pyraustanubilalis, Ephestia kuehniella, Galleria mellonella, Tineolabisselliella, Tinea pellionella, Hofmannophila pseudospretella, Cacoeciapodana, Capua reticulana, Choristoneura fumiferana, Clysia ambiguella,Homona magnanima, Tortrix viridana and Cnaphalocerus spp.

From the order of the Coleoptera, for example Anobium punctatum,Rhizopertha dominica, Bruchidius obtectus, Acanthoscelides obtectus,Hylotrupes bajulus, Agelastica alni, Leptinotarsa decemlineata, Phaedoncochleariae, Diabrotica spp., Psylliodes chrysocephala, Epilachnavarivestis, Atomaria spp., Oryzaephilus surinamensis, Anthonomus spp.,Sitophilus spp., Otiorrhynchus sulcatus, Cosmopolites sordidus,Ceuthorrhynchus assimilis, Hypera postica, Dermestes spp., Trogodermaspp., Anthrenus spp., Attagenus spp., Lyctus spp., Meligethes aeneus,Ptinus spp., Niptus hololeucus, Gibbium psylloides, Tribolium spp.,Tenebrio molitor,Agriotes spp., Conoderus spp., Melolontha melolontha,Amphimallon solstitialis and Costelytra zealandica.

From the order of the Hymenoptera, for example Diprion spp., Hoplocampaspp., Lasius spp., Monomorium pharaonis and Vespa spp.

From the order of the Diptera, for example Aedes spp., Anopheles spp.,Culex spp., Drosophila melanogaster, Musca spp., Fannia spp., Calliphoraerythrocephala, Lucilia spp., Chrysomyia spp., Cuterebra spp.,Gastrophilus spp., Hyppobosca spp., Stomoxys spp., Oestrus spp.,Hypoderma spp., Tabanus spp., Tannia spp., Bibio hortulanus, Oscinellafrit, Phorbia spp., Pegomyia hyoscyami, Ceratitis capitata, Dacus oleae,Tipula paludosa, Hylemyia spp. and Liriomyza spp.

From the order of the Siphonaptera, for example Xenopsylla cheopis andCeratophyllus spp.

From the class of arachnids, for example Scorpio maurus, Latrodectusmactans, Acarus siro, Argas spp., Ornithodoros spp., Dermanyssusgallinae, Eriophyes ribis, Phyllocoptruta oleivora, Boophilus spp.,Rhipicephalus spp., Amblyomma spp., Hyalomma spp., Ixodes spp.,Psoroptes spp., Chorioptes spp., Sarcoptes spp., Tarsonemus spp.,Bryobia praetiosa, Panonychus spp., Tetranychus spp., Hemitarsonemusspp. and Brevipalpus spp.

The plant-parasitic nematodes include, for example, Pratylenchus spp.,Radopholus similis, Ditylenchus dipsaci, Tylenchulus semipenetrans,Heterodera spp., Globodera spp., Meloidogyne spp., Aphelenchoides spp.,Longidorus spp., Xiphinema spp., Trichodorus spp. and Bursaphelenchusspp.

The synergistic effect is particularly pronounced if the activecompounds in the active compound combinations are present at certainratios by weight.

The ratio of the compounds of the formulae (I) and/or (II) employed andof the compound(s) of the formula (III), and the total amount of themixture, depends on the type and the occurrence of the insects. For eachapplication, the optimum ratios and total amounts to be employed can ineach case be determined by test series. In general, the ratio of thecompounds of the formulae (I) and/or (II) and the compound(s) of theformula (III) is from 1:100 to 100:1, preferably from 1:25 to 25:1 andparticularly preferably from 1:5 to 5:1. These are parts by weight.

The active compound mixtures according to the invention can be presentin their commercial formulations and in the use forms prepared fromthese formulations, in a mixture with other active compounds, such asinsecticides, attractants, sterilants, acaricides, nematicides,fungicides, growth-regulating substances or herbicides. The insecticidesinclude, for example, phosphoric esters, carbamates, carboxylic esters,chlorinated hydrocarbons, phenylureas, substances prepared bymicroorganisms. Specific co-components for mixtures are the insecticidesand fungicides mentioned above.

Examples of insecticides which may optionally be admixed include:

phosphoric esters, such as azinphos-ethyl, azinphos-methyl,α-1(4-chlorophenyl)-4-(O-ethyl, S-propyl)phosphoryloxy-pyrazole,chlorpyrifos, coumaphos, demeton, demeton-S-methyl, diazinon,dichlorvos, dimethoate, ethoate, ethoprophos, etrimfos, fenitrothion,fenthion, heptenophas, parathion, parathion-methyl, phosalone, poxim,pirimiphos-ethyl, pirimiphos-methyl, profenofos, prothiofos, sulfprofos,triazophos and trichlorphon;

carbamates, such as aldicarb, bendiocarb, α-2-(1-methylpropyl)-phenylmethyl-carbamate, butocarboxim, butoxycarboxim, carbaryl, carbofuran,-carbosulfan, cloethocarb, isoprocarb, methomyl, oxamyl, pirimicarb,promecarb, propoxur and thiodicarb;

organosilicon compounds, preferably dimethyl(phenyl)silyl-methyl3-phenoxybenzyl ethers, such as dimethyl-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-silylmethyl3-phenoxybenzyl ether or (dimethylphenyl)-silyl-methyl2-phenoxy-6-pyridylmethyl ethers such as, for example,dimethyl-(9-ethoxy-phenyl)-silylmethyl 2-phenoxy-6-pyridylmethyl etheror [(phenyl)-3-(3-phenoxyphenyl)-propyl[(dimethyl)-silanes such as, forexample,(4-ethoxyphen-yl)-[3-(4-fluoro-3-phenoxyphenyl-propyl]dimethyl-silane,silafluofen;

pyrethroids, such as allethrin, alphamethrin, bioresmethrin, byfenthrin,cycloprothrin, cyfluthrin, decametlrin, cyhalothrin, cypermethrin,deltamethrin, alpha-cyano-3-phenyl-2-methylbenzyl2,2-dimethyl-3-(2-chloro-2-trifluoro-methylvinyl)cyclopro-pane-carboxylate,fenpropathrin, fenfluthrin, fenvalerate, flucythrinate, flumethrin,fluvalinate, permethrin, resmethrin and tralomethrin;

nitroimines and nitromethylenes, such as1-[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)-methyl]-4,5-dihydro-N-nitro-1H-imidazole-2-amine(imidacloprid),N-[(6-chloro-3-pyridyl)-methyl]-N²-cyano-N¹-methylacetamide (NI-25);

abamectin, AC 303, 630, acephate, acrinathrin, alanycarb, aldoxycarb,aldrin, amitraz, azamethiphos, Bacillus thuringiensis, phosmet,phosphamidon, phosphine, prallethrin, propaphos, propetamphos,prothoate, pyraclofos, pyrethrins, pyridaben, pyridafenthion,pyriproxyfen, quinalphos, RH-7988, rotenone, sodium fluoride, sodiumhexa-fluorosilicate, sulfotep, sulfuryl fluoride, tar oils,teflubenzuron, teflutlrin, temephos, terbufos, tetrachlorvinphos,tetramethrin, O-2-tert-butyl-pyrimidin-5-yl-o-isopropyl-phosphorothiate,thiocyclam, thiofanox, thiometon, tralomethrin, triflumuron,trimethacarb, vamidothion, Verticillium Lacanii, XMC, xylylcarb,benfuracarb, bensultap, bifenthrin, bioallethrin, MERbioallethrin(S)-cyclopentenyl isomer, bromophos, bromophos-ethyl, buprofezin,cadusafos, calcium polysulphide, carbophenothion, cartap,quinomethionate, chlordane, chlorfenvinphos, chlorfluazuron,chlormephos, chloropicrin, chlorpyrifos, cyanophos, beta-cyfluthrin,alpha-cypermethrin, cyophenothrin, cyromazine, dazomet, DDT,demeton—S-methylsulphone, diafenthiuron, dialifos, dicrotophos,diflubenzuron, dinoseb, deoxabenzofos, diazacarb, disulfoton, DNOC,empenthrin, endosulfan, EPN, esfenvalerate, ethiofencarb, ethion,etofenprox, fenobucarb, fenoxycarb, fensulfothion, fipronil,flucycloxuron, flufenprox, flufenoxuron, fonofos, formetanate,formothion, fosmethilan, furathiocarb, heptachlor, hexaflumuron,hydramethylnon, hydrogen cyanide, hydroprene, IPSP, isazofos,isofenphos, isoprothiolane, isoxathion, iodfenphos, kadethrin, lindane,malathion, mecarbam, mephosfolan, mercurous chloride, metam,metarthizium, anisopliae, methacrifos, methamidophos, methidathion,methiocarb, methoprene, methoxychlor, methyl isothiocyanate, metholcarb,mevinphos, monocrotophos, naled, Neodiprion sertifer NPV, nicotine,omethoate, oxydemeton-methyl, pentachlorophenol, petroleum oils,phenothrin, phenthoate, phorate.

The other insecticides that may optionally be admixed may also be fromthe class of the compounds of the general formula (I).

Fungicides which may optionally be admixed are preferably:

Triazoles such as:

azaconazole, propiconazole, tebuconazole, cyproconazole, metconazole,amitrole, azocyclotin, BAS 480F, bitertanol, difenoconazole,fenbuconazole, fenchlorazole, fenethanil, fluquinconazole, flusilazole,flutriafol, imibenconazole, isozofos, myclobutanil, paclobutrazol,(±)-cis-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-cycloheptanol,tetraconazole, triadimefon, triadimenol, triapenthenol, triflumizole,triticonazole, uniconazole and their metal salts and acid adducts.

Imidazoles such as:

imazalil, pefurazoate, prochloraz, triflumizole,2-(1-tert-butyl)-1-(2-chlorophenyl)-3-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-propan-2-ol,thiazolecarboxanilides such as2′,6′-dibromo-2-methyl-4-trifluoromethoxy-4′-trifluoromethyl-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxanilide,1-imidazolyl-1(4′-chlorophenoxy)-3,3-dimethylbutan-2-one and their metalsalts and acid adducts.

Methyl(E)-2-[2-[6-(2-cyanophenoxy)pyrimidin-4-yloxy]phenyl]3-methoxyacrylate,methyl(E)-2-[2-[6-(2-thioamidophenoxy)pyrimidin-4-yloxy]phenyl]-3-methoxyacrylate,methyl(E)-2-[2-[6-(2-fluorophenoxy)pyrimidin-4-yloxy]phenyl]-3-methoxyacrylate,methyl(E)-2-[2-[6-(2,6-difluorophenoxy)pyrimidin-4-yloxy]phenyl]-3-methoxyacrylate,methyl (E)-2-[2-[3-(pyrimidin-2-yloxy)phenoxy]phenyl]-3-methoxyacrylate,methyl(E)-2-[2-[3-(5-methylpyrimidin-2-yloxy)-phenoxy]phenyl]-3-methoxyacrylate,methyl(E)-2-[2-[3-(phenyl-sulphonyloxy)phenoxy]phenyl-3-methoxyacrylate,methyl (E)-2-[2-[3-(4-nitrophenoxy)phenoxy]phenyl]-3-methoxyacrylate,methyl (E)-2-[2-phenoxyphenyl]-3-methoxyacrylate, methyl(E)-2-[2-(3,5-dimethyl-benzoyl)pyrrol-1-yl]-3-methoxyacrylate, methyl(E)-2-[2-(3-methoxyphenoxy)phenyl]-3-methoxyacrylate, methyl(E)-2[2-(2-phenylethen-1-yl)-phenyl]-3-methoxyacrylate, methyl(E)-2-[2-(3,5-dichltorophenoxy)pyridin-3-yl]-3-methoxyacrylate, methyl(E)-2-(2-(3-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)phenoxy)phenyl)-3-methoxyacrylate,methyl(E)-2-(2-[3-(alpha-hydroxybenzyl)phenoxy]phenyl)-3-methoxyacrylate,methyl (E)-2-(2-(4-phenoxypyridin-2-yloxy)phenyl)-3-methoxyacrylate,methyl (E)-2-[2-(3-n-propyloxy-phenoxy)phenyl]3-methoxyacrylate, methyl(E)-2-[2-(3-isopropyloxyphenoxy)phenyl]-3-methoxyacrylate, methyl(E)-2-[2-[3-(2-fluorophenoxy)phenoxy]phenyl]-3-methoxyacrylate, methyl(E)-2-[2-(3-ethoxyphenoxy)phenyl]-3-methoxyacrylate, methyl(E)-2-[2-(4-tert-butyl-pyridin-2-yloxy)phenyl]-3-methoxyacrylate, methyl(E)-2-[2-[3-(3-cyanophenoxy)phenoxy]phenyl]-3-methoxyacrylate, methyl(I)-2-[2-[(3-methylpyridin-2-yloxymethyl)phenyl]-3-methoxyacrylate,methyl(E)-2-[2-[6-(2-methyl-phenoxy)pyrimidin-4-yloxy]phenyl]-3-methoxyacrylate,methyl (E)-2-[2-(5-bromopyridin-2-yloxymethyl)phenyl]-3-methoxyacrylate,methyl(E)-2-[2-(3-(3-iodopyridin-2-yloxy)phenoxy)phenyl]-3-methoxyacrylate,methyl(E)-2-[2-[6-(2-chloropyridin-3-yloxy)pyrimidin-4-yloxy]phenyl]-3-methoxyacrylate,methyl (E),)-2-[2-(5,6-dimethylpyrazin-2-ylmethyloximinomethyl)phenyl]-3-methoxyacrylate,methyl(E)-2-{2-[6-(6-methylpyridin-2-yloxy)pyrimidin-4-yloxy]phenyl}-3-methoxyacrylate,methyl(E),(E)-2-{2-(3-methoxyphenyl)methyloximinomethyl]-phenyl}-3-methoxyacrylate,methyl(E)-2-{2-(6-(2-azidophenoxy)-pyrimidin-4-yloxy]phenyl}-3-methoxyacrylate,methyl(E),(E)-2-{2-[6-phenylpyrimidin-4-yl)-methyloximinomethyl]phenyl}-3-methoxyacrylate,methyl(E),(E)-2-{2-[(4-chlorophenyl)-methyloximinomethyl]-phenyl}-3-methoxyacrylate;methyl(E)-2-{2-[6-(2-n-propylphenoxy)-1,3,5-triazin-4-yloxy]phenyl}-3-methoxyacrylate,methyl(E),(E)-2-{2-[(3-nitrophenyl)methyl-oximinomethyl]phenyl}-3-methoxyacrylate;

Succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors such as:

fenfuram, furcarbanil, cyclaflurarnid, furmecyclox, seedvax,metsulfovax, pyrocarbolid, oxycarboxin, shirlan, mebenil (mepronil),benodanil, flutolanil (Moncut);

naphthalene derivatives such as terbinafine, naftifine, butenafine,3-chloro-7-(2-aza-2,7,7-trimethyl-oct-3-en-5-ine);

sulphenamides such as dichlofluanid, tolylfluanid, folpet, fluorfolpet;captan, captofol; benzimidazoles such as carbendazim, benomyl,furathiocarb, fuberidazole, thio-phonatmethyl, thiabendazole or theirsalts;

morpholine derivatives such as fenpropimorph, falimorph, dimethomorph,dodemorph, aldimorph, fenpropidine and their arylsulphonates, such as,for example, p-toluenesulphonic acid and p-dodecylphenyl-sulphonic acid;

dithiocarbamates, cufraneb, ferbam, mancopper, mancozeb, maneb, metam,metiram, thiram zeneb, ziram:

benzothiazoles, such as 2-mercaptobenzothiazole;

benzamides, such as 2,6-dichloro-N-(4-trifluoromethylbenzyl)-benzamide;

boron compounds, such as boric acid, boric esters, borax;

formaldehyde and formaldehyde-releasing compounds, such as benzylalcohol mono-(poly)-hemiformal, oxazolidine, hexa-hydro-S-triazines,N-methylolchloroacetamide, paraformaldehyde, nitropyrin, oxolinic acid,tecloftalam;

tris-N-(cyclohexyldiazeniumdioxy)-alumniniumn,N-(cyclo-hexyldiazeniumdioxy)-tri-butyltin or K salts,bis-N-(cyclohexyldiazeniumdioxy)-copper, N-methylisothiazolin-3-one,5-chloro-N-methylisothiazolin-3-one,4,5-dichloro-N-octylisothiazolin-3-one, N-octyl-isothiazolin-3-one,4,5-trimethylene-isothiazolinone, 4,5-benzoisothiazolinone,N-methylolchloroacetamide;

aldehydes, such as cinnamaldehyde, formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde,β-bromo-cinnamaldehyde;

thiocyanates, such as thiocyanatomethylthiobenzothiazole,methylenebisthiocyanate, and the like;

quatermary ammonium compounds, such as benzyldimethyltetradecylammoniumchloride, benzyldimethyldodecylammnonium chloride,didecyldimethylammonium chloride;

iodine derivatives, such as diiodomethyl p-tolyl sulphone,3-iodo-2-propinyl alcohol, 4-chlorophenyl-3-iodopropargyl formal,3-bromo-2,3-diiodo-2-propenyl ethylcarbamate, 2,3,3-triiodoallylalcohol, 3-bromo-2,3-diiodo-2-propenyl alcohol, 3-iodo-2-propinyln-butylcarbamate, 3-iodo-2-propinyl n-hexylcarbamate, 3-iodo-2-propinylcyclohexyl-carbamate, 3-iodo-2-propinyl phenylcarbamate;

phenol derivatives, such as tribromophenol, tetrachlorophenol,3-methyl-4-chloro-phenol, 3,5-dimethyl-4-chlorophenol, phenoxyethanol,dichlorophene, o-phenylphenol, m-phenylphenol, p-phenylphenol,2-benzyl-4-chlorophenol and their alkali metal and alkaline earth metalsalts;

microbicides having an activated halogen group, such as chloroacetamide,bronopol, bronidox, tectamer, such as 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol,2-bromo-4′-hydroxy-acetophenone, 2,2-dibromo-3-nitrile-propionamide,1,2-dibromo-2,4-dicyanobutane, β-bromo-β-nitrostyrene;

pyridines, such as 1-hydroxy-2-pyridinethione (and their Na, Fe, Mn, Znsalts), tetrachloro-4-methylsulphonylpyridine, pyrimethanol,mepanipyrim, dipyrithion,1-hydroxy-4-methyl-6-(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)-2(1H)-pyridine;

metal soaps, such as tin naphthenate, copper naphthenate, zincnaphthenate, tin octoate, copper octoate, zinc octoate, tin2-ethylhexanoate, copper 2-ethylhexanoate, zinc 2-ethylhexanoate, tinoleate, copper oleate, zinc oleate, tin phosphate, copper phosphate,zinc phosphate, tin benzoate, copper benzoate and zinc benzoate;

metal salts, such as copper hydroxycarbonate, sodium dichromate,potassium dichromate, potassium chromate, copper sulphate, copperchloride, copper borate, zinc fluorosilicate, copper fluorosilicate, inparticular mixtures with fixatives;

oxides, such as tributyltin oxide, Cu₂O, CuO, ZnO;

dialkyldithiocarbamates, such as Na and Zn salts ofdialkyldithiocarbamates, tetramethylthiuram disulphide, potassiumN-methyl-dithiocarbamate;

nitriles, such as 2,4,5,6-tetrachloroisophthalodinitrile, disodiumcyano-dithioimido-carbamate;

quinolines, such as 8-hydroxyquinoline, and their Cu salts;

mucochloric acid, 5-hydroxy-2(5H)-faranone;

4,5-dichlorodithiazolinone, 4,5-benzodithiazolinone,4,5-trimethylenedithiazolinone, 4,5-dichloro-(3H)-1,2-dithiol -3-one,3,5-dimethyl-tetrahydro-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione,N-(2-p-chlorobenzoylethyl)-hexaminium chloride, potassiumN-hydroxy-methyl-N′-methyl-dithiocarbamate,

2-oxo-2-(4-hydroxy-phenyl)acetohydroximic acid chloride,

phenyl-(2-chloro-cyano-vinyl)sulphone,

phenyl-(1,2-dichloro-2-cyano-vinyl)sulphone;

Ag-, Zn- or Cu-containing zeolites, alone or enclosed in polymericactive compounds, or else mixtures of more than one of theabovementioned fungicides.

The active compound content of the use forms prepared from thecommercial formulations can vary within wide limits. The active compoundconcentration of the use forms can be from 0.0000001 to 95% by weight ofactive compound, preferably between 0.0001 and 1% by weight.

The mixtures of active compounds can be converted into the customaryformulations, such as solutions, emulsions, suspensions, powders, foams,pastes, granules, aerosols, active-compound-impregnated natural andsynthetic materials, very fine encapsulations in polymeric substancesand in coating compositions for seed, furthermore in formulations withsmokes, such as fumigating cartridges, fumigating cans, fumigating coilsand the like, and also ULV cold fogging and warm mist formulations.

These formulations are prepared in a known manner, for example by mixingthe active compounds with extenders, that is, liquid solvents,pressurized liquefied gases and/or solid carriers, optionally with theuse of surfactants, that is, emulsifiers and/or dispersants, and/orfoam-forming agents. If the extender used is water, it is also possibleto use, for example, organic solvents as auxiliary solvents. Suitableliquid solvents are essentially: aromatics, such as xylene, toluene oralkylnaphthalenes, chlorinated aromatics or chlorinated aliphatichydrocarbons, such as chlorobenzenes, chloroethylenes or methylenechloride, aliphatic hydrocarbons, such as cyclohexane or paraffins, forexample mineral oil fractions, alcohols, such as butanol or glycol andalso their ethers and esters, ketones, such as acetone, methyl ethylketone, methyl isobutyl ketone or cyclohexanone, strongly polarsolvents, such as dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulphoxide, and alsowater; by liquefied gaseous extenders or carriers are meant liquidswhich are gaseous at ambient temperature and under atmospheric pressure,for example aerosol propellant, such as halogenated hydrocarbons andalso butane, propane, nitrogen and carbon dioxide; suitable solidcarriers are: for example ground natural minerals, such as kaolins,clays, talc, chalk, quartz, attapulgite, montmorillonite or diatomaceousearth, and ground synthetic minerals, such as finely divided silica,alumina and silicates; suitable solid carriers for granules are: forexample crushed and fractionated natural rocks such as calcite, marble,pumice, sepiolite and dolomite, as well as synthetic granules ofinorganic and organic meals, and granules of organic material such assawdust, coconut shells, maize cobs and tobacco stalks; as emulsifiersand/or foam-forming agents there are suitable: for example nonionic andanionic emulsifiers, such as polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters,polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ethers, for example alkylaryl polyglycolethers, alkylsulphonates, alkyl sulphates, arylsulphonates and alsoprotein hydrolysates; suitable dispersing agents are: for examplelignin-sulphite waste liquors and methylcellulose.

Tackifiers such as carboxy-methylcellulose and natural and syntheticpolymers in the form of powders, granules or latices, such as gumarabic, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl acetate, and also naturalphospholipids, such as cephalins and lecithins, and syntheticphospholipids, can be used in the formulations. Further additives may bemineral and vegetable oils.

It is possible to use colorants such as inorganic pigments, for exampleiron oxide, titanium oxide and Prussian Blue, and organic dyestuffs,such as alizarin dyestuffs, azo dyestuffs and metal phthalocyaninedyestuffs, and trace nutrients such as salts of iron, manganese, boron,copper, cobalt, molybdenum and zinc.

The formulations in general comprise between 0.1 and 95 percent byweight of active compound mixture, preferably between 0.5 and 90 percentby weight of active compound mixture.

The mixtures according to the invention can be applied via the soil.

The mixtures according to the invention can be applied via the leaf.

The mixtures according to the invention can be employed particularlyadvantageously for seed dressing.

Furthermore, the mixtures according to the invention can preferably beapplied via the soil.

Furthermore, it is also possible to apply the mixtures according to theinvention via an irrigation system, for example via the water forirrigation.

Furthermore, it has been found that it is also possible to apply theactive components of the mixtures according to the invention separately,for example, to apply the spinosyn(s), advantageously in the form of asuitable formulation, onto the soil, and to use the compound or thecompounds of the formula (III), advantageously in the form of a suitableformulation, via the leaf, or vice versa.

USE EXAMPLES Example 1

Activity of Folia-insecticidal Formulations Against Sucking Pests

The insecticidal activity was examined using the critical concentrationtest. From each of the test preparations, an aqueous dilution series ismade by diluting the individual concentrations by the factor 5.

To determine any synergistic activity, weakly active concentrations ofchloro-nicotinyl compounds are combined with various active compoundconcentrations of Tracer (Spinosad).

The test plants used are cabbage plants at the one-leaf stage which areinfested by Myzus persicae (green peach aphid). The shoots or leaveswith the aphids are dipped for approximately 3 seconds into therespective liquors. The experiments are subsequently placed in agreenhouse at 21° C. and 65% relative atmospheric humidity.

Evaluation for mortality is carried out after 2 and 7 days.

TABLE 1 Mixtures of compound (IIIa) and Spinosad Myzus persicae oncabbage/kill in % Act. Evaluation after compd. 2 days 7 days conc.Spinosad & Spinosad & (% a.i.) Compound compound Compound compoundSpinosad Spinosad (IIIa) (IIIa) Spinosad (IIIa) (IIIa) 0.0008% a.i.0.0008% a.i. 0.1 0 90 100  0 78 100  0.02 0 90 100  0 78 100  0.004 0 90100  0 78 100  0.0008 0 90 97 0 78 92 0.00016 0 90 95 0 78 86 0.00016%a.i. 0.00016% a.i. 0.1 0 18 95 0  2 99 0.02 0 18 89 0  2 99 0.004 0 1886 0  2 80 0.0008 0 18 56 0  2 33 0.00016 0 18 19 0  2  3 Control  0  0Act. compd. conc. = active compound concentration a.i. = activeingredient

TABLE 2 Mixtures of compound (IIIg) and Spinosad Myzus persicae oncabbage/kill in % Act. Evaluation after compd. 2 days 7 days conc.Spinosad & Spinosad & (% a.i.) Compound compound Compound compoundSpinosad Spinosad (IIIg) (IIIg) Spinosad (IIIg) (IIIg) 0.0008% a.i.0.0008% a.i. 0.1 0 79 100  0 70 100  0.02 0 79 100  0 70 100  0.004 0 7996 0 70 98 0.0008 0 79 90 0 70 91 0.00016% a.i. 0.00016% a.i. 0.1 0  087 0  0 77 0.02 0  0 85 0  0 98 0.004 0  0 63 0  0 33 Control  0  0 Act.compd. conc. = active compound concentration a.i. = active ingredient

TABLE 3 Mixtures of compound (IIIk) and Spinosad Myzus persicae oncabbage/kill in % Evaluation after Act. 2 days 7 days compd. Spinosad &Spinosad & (% a.i.) Compound compound Compound compound SpinosadSpinosad (IIIk) (IIIk) Spinosad (IIIk) (IIIk) 0.0008% a.i. 0.0008% a.i.0.1 0 48 100  0 28 100  0.02 0 48 100  0 28 100  0.004 0 48 98 0 28 100 0.0008 0 48 97 0 28 99 0.00016 0 48 90 0 28 82 0.00016% a.i. 0.00016%a.i. 0.1 0 10 95 0  2 98 0.02 0 10 97 0  2 54 0.004 0 10 84 0  2 550.0008 0 10 35 0  2 27 Control  0  0 Act. compd. conc. = active compoundconcentration a.i. = active ingredient

TABLE 4 Mixtures of compound (IIIl) and Spinosad Myzus persicae oncabbage/kill in % Act. Evaluation after compd. 2 days 7 days conc.Spinosad & Spinosad & (% a.i.) Compound compound Compound compoundSpinosad Spinosad (IIIl) (IIIl) Spinosad (IIIl) (IIIl) 0.0008% a.i.0.0008% a.i. 0.1 0 85 100  0 38 100  0.02 0 85 100  0 38 99 0.004 0 85100  0 38 83 0.0008 0 85 93 0 38 95 0.00016 0 85 83 0 38 53 0.00016%a.i. 0.00016% a.i. 0.1 0  8 94 0  0 94 0.02 0  8 94 0  0 82 0.004 0  893 0  0 54 0.0008 0  8 53 0  0 20 0.00016 0  8 22 0  0  2 Control  0  0Act. compd. conc. = active compound concentration a.i. = activeingredient

Example 2

Critical Concentration Test/root-systemic Action

Test insect: Aphis fabae

Solvent: 4 parts by weight of acetone

Emulsifier: 1 part by weight of alkylaryl polyglycol ether

To produce a suitable preparation of active compound, 1 part by weightof active compound is mixed with a stated amount of solvent, the statedamount of emulsifier is added and the concentrate is diluted with waterto the desired concentration.

The active compound preparation is mixed intimately with soil. Theconcentration of the active compound in the preparation is of virtuallyno importance, only the amount by weight of active compound per unitvolume of soil, which is given in ppm (=mg/l), being decisive. Thetreated soil is filled into 250 ml pots and the pots are planted withpre-germinated broad beans. In this manner, the active compound can betaken up from the soil by the roots of the plants and transported intothe leaves.

To demonstrate the root-systemic effect, the leaves are populated withthe abovementioned test animals after 7 days. After a further 7 days,the test is evaluated by estimating the dead animals. The root-systemiceffect of the active compound is deduced from the destruction figures.It is 100% when all the test animals have been killed and 0% when justas many test insects are still alive as in the untreated control.

Active compounds, application rates and results are shown in the tablebelow:

TABLE Root-systemic Aphis fabae Degree of destruction in % at activecom- Active compound pound concentrations Spinosad 40 ppm = 0% compound(IIIa) 0.035 ppm = 50% According to the invention Spinosad 40 ppm +compound (IIIa) + 0.035 ppm = 80%

Example 3

Critical Concentration Test/root-systemic Action

Test insect: Phaedon cochleariae larvae

Solvent: 4 parts by weight of acetone

Emulsifier: 1 part by weight of alkylaryl polyglycol ether

To produce a suitable preparation of active compound, 1 part by weightof active compound is mixed with the stated amount of solvent, thestated amount of emulsifier is added and the concentrate is diluted withwater to the desired concentration.

The active compound preparation is mixed intimately with soil. Theconcentration of the active compound in the preparation is of virtuallyno importance, only the amount by weight of active compound per unitvolume of soil, which is given in ppm (=mg/l), being decisive. Thetreated soil is filled into 500 ml pots, 8 cabbage seeds are placed at adepth of approximately 1 cm, the hole is filled and the soil surface ispressed down gently.

To demonstrate the root-systemic effect, the leaves are populated withthe abovementioned test animals after 9 days. After a further 3 days,the test is evaluated by estimating the leaf-feeding in the treated andin the untreated plant. The effect is 100% if, compared with theuntreated control, only little feeding damage is observed; it is 0% whenthe entire cabbage has been eaten.

Active compounds, application rates and results are shown in the tablebelow.

TABLE Root-systemic Phaedon cochleatiae larvae Degree of destruction in% at active com- Active compound pound concentrations Compound (III l)2.50 ppm = 0% According to the invention: Spinosad 2.50 ppm + compound(III l) 2.50 ppm = 0% Compound (IIIe) 5.00 ppm = 0% According to theinvention: Spinosad 2.50 ppm + compound (IIIe) + 5.00 ppm = 98% Compound(IIIa) 1.25 ppm = 0% According to the invention: Spinosad 2.50 ppm +compound (IIIa) + 1.25 ppm = 80% Compound (IIIk) 0.30 ppm = 0% Accordingto the invention: Spinosad 2.50 ppm + compound (IIIk) + 0.30 ppm = 80%Compound (IIIg) 0.30 ppm = 50% According to the invention: Spinosad 2.50ppm + compound (IIIg) + 0.30 ppm = 80%

What is claimed is:
 1. A composition for controlling at least one animalpest, comprising a synergistically effective mixture of one or morespinosyns and an agonist or antagonist of nicotinic acetylcholinereceptors of formula III below


2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the one or more spinosyns theagonist or antagonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are presentin a ratio of from 1:100 to 100:1.
 3. A process for preparing apesticide comprising mixing a synergistically effective mixture of theone or more spinosyns and the agonist or antagonist of nicotinicacetylcholine receptors of claim 1 with at least one of extenders andsurfactants.
 4. A method of controlling at least one of an insect, anarachnid or a nematode comprising applying a synergistically effectivemixture of the one or more spinosyns and the agonist or antagonist ofnicotinic acetylcholine receptors of claim 1 to said insect, arachnid ornematode and/or its habitat.